中国食品添加剂

建立不同产地多花黄精化学指纹，分析其体外抗氧化活性的组分关联度，选抗氧化相关潜在质量标志物。采集四川、广西12批多花黄精样品，制备乙醇提取物，采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS建立指纹图谱并评价相似度；以DPPH自由基和ABTS⁺自由基清除实验测定抗氧化活性(以IC₅₀表示)；结合灰色关联分析(GRA)与偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)对共有峰与抗氧化活性进行关联度分析，并对关键峰进行质谱鉴定。结果显示，不同产地样品抗氧化能力及指纹图谱相似度均存在明显差异。谱–效分析表明，峰38、峰28、峰11与DPPH清除活性关联度较高，峰51、峰38、峰28、峰48与ABTS⁺清除活性关联度较高；综合GRA与PLSR结果，筛得峰38、峰28、峰11、峰48为抗氧化相关关键峰，分别鉴定为油酰乙醇酰胺、对羟基-N-(对羟基苯乙基)肉桂酰胺、水杨酸和金雀异黄素。由此，UPLC-Q-TOF-MS指纹结合GRA–PLSR的组分关联度分析可有效揭示多花黄精品质差异与体外抗氧化活性之间的内在联系，上述关键成分可作为多花黄精抗氧化相关候选质量标志物，为不同产地多花黄精的质量评价与质量控制指标筛选提供依据。

In order to establish ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) chemical fingerprints of Polygonatum cyrtonema from different geographic origins,and to analyze their correlation with in vitro antioxidant activity to screen for potential antioxidant-related quality markers(Q-markers),ethanol extracts of 12 batches of P. cyrtonema collected from Sichuan and Guangxi provinces were prepared. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to generate chemical fngerprints and evaluate similarity among the batches. Antioxidant capacities were assessed using DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays,and IC₅₀ values were calculated. Grey relational analysis(GRA) and partial least squares regression(PLSR) were combined to determine the correlation between common peaks and antioxidant activity. Key peaks were subsequently identified based on high-resolution MS/MS data. The results showed that significant differences in DPPH and ABTS scavenging capacities were observed among samples from different origins,matching the variations found in fngerprint profles. Correlation analysis revealed that peaks No.38,28,and 11 strongly correlated with DPPH scavenging activity,while peaks No. 51,38,28,and 48 were primarily associated with ABTS scavenging activity. Integrated GRA–PLSR analysis identified peaks No.38,28,11,and 48 as the primary antioxidantrelated peaks. Based on MS/MS data,these were tentatively assigned as oleoylethanolamide,p-hydroxy-N-(p-hydroxyphenethyl) cinnamamide,salicylic acid,and genistein,respectively. In conclusion,combining UPLCQ-TOF-MS fngerprinting with GRA–PLSR correlation analysis effectively bridged the chemical differences in P. cyrtonema with its in vitro antioxidant effcacy. The identifed compounds could serve as candidate quality markers,providing a valuable reference for the origin-based quality evaluation and standardization of P. cyrtonema.