中国食品添加剂

在许多天然植物中含有黄酮类化合物（黄酮、异黄酮、黄酮醇、黄烷酮、黄烷醇、花色素苷等）、绿原酸、没合子酸和鞣花酸等多酚类单体及其衍生物，以及花色素原、没食子单宁、鞣花单宁等低聚或多聚类多酚。这些物质都有一定量的Ｒ·ＯＨ基，能形成有抗氧化作用的氢自由基（Ｈ·），以消除超氧阴离子（Ｏ_２~－·）和羟自由基（ＯＨ·）等自由基的活性，从而保护组织免受氧化作用的损害，以及提高免疫功能、抗癌、抗衰老等作用。因此被称为是“第七类营养素”。 本文介绍了部分国际上市售的多酚类制品，包括甘草油性提取物、洋葱提取物、芸香普及其酚解物、大豆多酚、杨梅提取物、蓝莓提取物、葡萄籽提取物、生苹果提取物、松树提取物、月见草提取物、紫地丁提取物、甜菜多酚等，它们的基本功能和市场情况

In a great many plants, they contain the monomer of flavonoids (flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanins, etc. ) and chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid and its derivatives, and contain the low-polymers or polymers of proanthocyanidins, gallotannin and ellagitannin. These compoments have more than one hydroxy radical (R·OH) and provided with antioxidant effect of hydrogen radical (H·), can scavenge the superoxide anions (O₂~- ), hydroxy free radical (OH·), and other free radical's activity, thus protect the vitals to avoid the oxidation which impair one's health, and improve the immunological competence, anticarcinogen, antiaging, etc. Therefore, the polyphenols are called as "Seventh Nutrients". In this paper polyphenols products are synopsis in parts of world markets. As licorice oil extract, onion extract, rutin and its enzymelized and decomposed derivatives, soybean polyphenols, tenipeh extracts, Chinese bayberry extract, green tea extract, pine extract, blueberry extract, grape seed extract, red wine polyphenols, green apple extract, etc. Their fundamental functions and markets are reviewed.