中国食品添加剂

本研究旨在筛选银杏总黄酮的最佳提取原料，并优化超声辅助复合酶提取工艺，为银杏总黄酮工业化高效提取提供基础。首先筛选不同部位（叶、根、茎）及不同月份（2〜12月）叶片的总黄酮含量以确定最佳原料。随后，通过单因素试验与响应面法，对影响银杏总黄酮提取量的关键工艺参数进行优化。研究发现，银杏叶片总黄酮含量显著高于根和茎，且8月份叶片含量最高，故确定8月份叶片为最优原料。优化得到的最佳工艺参数为：超声功率420 W、超声温度50℃、乙醇体积分数63%、酶用量0.20 g、超声时间42 min、液料比36:1(m L/g)。在此条件下，银杏总黄酮提取量为58.45±0.23 mg/g，与模型预测值无显著差异。本研究确定了银杏总黄酮的最佳提取原料与工艺条件，该工艺稳定可靠，可为银杏总黄酮的工业化高效提取提供理论依据和技术支撑。

The optimal raw material for extracting total flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba leaves was screened and the process of ultrasound-assisted extraction with compound enzymes was optimized,providing a foundation for efficient industrial-scale extraction. The total flavonoid content of different ginkgo parts(leaves,roots,stems) and leaves collected from different months(February to December) was screened to determine the optimal raw material. Single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were used to optimize key process parameters affecting the extraction yield of total flavonoids from ginkgo. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of ginkgo leaves was significantly higher than that of roots and stems,with leaves harvested in August having the highest content. Therefore,August leaves were selected as the optimal raw material. The optimized process parameters were :ultrasound power of 420 W,ultrasound temperature of 50 ℃,ethanol volume fraction of 63%,enzyme amount of 0.20 g,ultrasound time of 42 min,and liquid-to-material ratio of 36:1 mL/g. Under these conditions,the total flavonoid extraction yield from ginkgo was 58.45±0.23 mg/g;no significant difference was observed between the experimental result and the model prediction. The optimal raw material and process conditions for extracting total flavonoids from ginkgo were identified. The process was stable and reliable,and the findings provided theoretical guidance and technical support for industrial-scale,efficient extraction of ginkgo total flavonoids.